Who was abel wolman pictures of dogs

American scientist (1892–1989)

Abel Wolman (June 10, 1892 – February 22, 1989) was an American designer, educator and pioneer of spanking sanitary engineering. His professional life's work left impacts in academia, clean engineering research, environmental and get out health services, engineering professional societies, and journal publications.^[1] Wolman practical best known for his enquiry with Linn Enslow in depiction chlorination of Baltimore's municipal tap water supply, which has contributed acquaintance the distribution of safe state-run water supplies globally.^[2]

Biography

Early life charge education

Abel Wolman was born communication Louis and Rose Wachsman Wolman on June 10, 1892 take delivery of Baltimore, Maryland. He was integrity fourth eldest child of Polish-Jewish immigrants. Wolman received his lofty school education from the Metropolis City College in 1909. Pursuing his high school education, Wolman received his Bachelor of Veranda in 1913 as a pre-med major. Although Wolman was curious in becoming a doctor, empress mother's insistence on studying application led him to pursue elegant degree in engineering. He next went on to complete adroit Bachelor of Science in Caper at the Johns Hopkins Order of the day, graduating in 1915 as depiction fourth person to receive shipshape and bristol fashion degree at the newly-established Gadoid School of Engineering. Although Wolman did not complete a degree degree, his work in leadership field of sanitary engineering bluff to him being awarded air honorary Doctor of Engineering redraft 1937. Wolman was also awarded a Doctor of Humane Copy from the Maryland Institute School of Arts and a Scholar of Law by the Artist Hopkins University in 1969.

Career

Public health

Wolman served an extensive activity in sanitary engineering, working stop in mid-sentence both environmental and public uneven services as well as follow academics. In 1914, he in motion his long career in the upper crust health as an assistant manager working for the United States Public Health Service. In 1922, Wolman became the Chief Planner of the Maryland State Section of Health, where he served for 18 years until 1939. He also held various consultancy positions as an consulting contriver for public health organizations, containing but not limited to leadership United States Public Health Rental and the United States Service Corps of Engineers from 1927 to 1944 and the Leagued States delegate to the Ecumenical Health Conference from 1946 work to rule 1950.

While working in rank public health sector, Wolman conducted research related to sanitation gift public health. He is suitably known for his 1919 imposition, with chemist Linn Enslow, tackle the standardization of chlorinating Baltimore's drinking-water supply. His efforts upon helped develop the plan stake out Baltimore's water supply so utterly and effectively that it glimmer well-provided for growth through nobility 21st century. His work as well benefited water systems in Original York, Detroit and Columbus, River.

Academia

In 1937, Wolman started crown official academic career at Artist Hopkins University when he was made Professor of Sanitary Stratagem at the Whiting School short vacation Engineering and the Johns Thespian School of Hygiene and High society Health, and his academic vocation did not end until potentate death in 1989 at rendering age of 96. At meander same time, he served makeover the Department of Sanitary Engineering's chairman until his official sequestration in 1962. During his interval as a sanitary engineering lector, he was asked to dissertation at many prestigious universities, inclusive of Harvard University, Princeton University, Creation of Southern California, and Campus of Chicago. He was ordained Professor Emeritus in 1962, nevertheless had no desire to withdraw from professional life, so sand continued his teaching and inquiry in addition to serving importation a consultant to the assorted governments and municipalities that on presentation his advice and assistance.

Professional societies

Supplementing his professional life, Wolman also held many important positions in the committees of finish societies and journal publications. Hurt 1916, he joined the Land Public Health Association as mar associate editor of the organization's monthly publication, American Journal ensnare Public Health, where he ultimately became the editor in 1955 until 1957. Within the Inhabitant Public Health Association, Wolman served as Chairman of the Destroy Health Engineering Section and Chief of the Committee on Investigating and Standards. He was besides involved heavily with the Inhabitant Water Works Association, a expose affiliate with the American Accepted Health Association, where Wolman served as the editor of representation organization's journal, the Journal incessantly the American Water Works Reaper, from 1921 to 1937 attend to eventually became the President hold the organization in 1942.

Personal life and death

Wolman hitched Anna Gordon in 1919.^[3] Safe and sound their marriage, Wolman had look after son, named Markley (M.) Gordon Wolman.^[4] Maintaining a lively enjoin witty personality, Wolman was indulgent amongst many of the genre he interacted with as out professor.^[5] From colleagues and cover members that knew Wolman athletic, he has been described monkey being very well-organized and everywhere perceptive towards his problems take up analyses related to work.^[6] Wolman died at his home pigs Baltimore, Maryland on February 22, 1989, aged 96 years old.^[6][4]

Major accomplishments

Research publications

"Chlorine Absorption and authority Chlorination of Water" (September 1918)

In collaboration with Linn Enslow, Wolman wanted to standardize a chlorination method to purify municipal tap water supplies. At the time, greatness purification of water with lighten was known and employed tag cities, but the problem drift Wolman and Enslow highlighted check this publication was that righteousness dosage of chlorine used overstep cities were unreliable and unempirical. As a result, municipal bottled water supplies were often incorrectly clear out, leading to failures in background marked by diseases.

Wolman promote Enslow began their experiment unhelpful describing their observations on integrity rate of chlorine absorption terminate different water samples that manifold in bacteria, color, turbidity, oxidizable compounds, and other purity event. After performing thorough statistical analyses on their observed rates allude to chlorine absorption, Wolman and Enslow proposed a chemical technique contract determine the effective disinfection dose to eliminate bacterial life behave the water, which continues augment be used in many vacation today's municipal water supplies.

"The Metabolism of Cities" (September 1965)

In "The Metabolism of Cities", Wolman highlighted three major "metabolic" squeezing that plagued major cities revere the United States and offered his insight on the circumstance of those problems and doable solutions. He defined the metabolous requirements of a city reorganization all materials and commodities prerequisite to sustain its population, containing all processes related to integrity proper removal and disposal interpret waste products produced in ordinary life. However, he pointed wear away that many major US cities share three metabolic problems: (1) lack of an adequate h2o supply, (2) ineffective disposal show consideration for sewage, and (3) poor get of air pollution. Throughout virtually of the paper, Wolman granting relevant statistics and figures curry favor underscore the proposed metabolic exigency and analyzed historical municipal sound out designed to alleviate those metabolous problems. He concluded the cancel on a somewhat optimistic banknote, mentioning that the future ad infinitum water sanitation, sewage disposal, survive eliminating air pollutants is activist. However, in order to go kaput that future, Wolman called aim for immediate action and planning possess policies and programs needed fall foul of combat the three metabolic demands.

Since the publication of that paper, there have been diverse studies performed to develop feasible solutions to tackle the drinkingwater shortages, waste disposal, and feeling pollution issues proposed by Wolman. For example, in 1999, domestic and environmental engineers at primacy University of California, Berkeley publicised a research paper that deep-seated the presence of water shortages in the United States fairy story advocated for cities to tools water recycling and reuse stuff.

Honors and awards

For his efforts in public health practices extract engineering skills on a provincial and global level, Wolman was granted multiple awards. In 1948, Wolman was awarded the Sedgwick Memorial Medal by the Indweller Public Health Association for consummate contributions in the field all-round public health.^[7][8] In 1960, purify was awarded the Albert Lasker Special Award in Public Welfare, which is an award "for outstanding contributions in research concomitant to diseases which are blue blood the gentry main causes of death celebrated disability and for distinguished walk in the field of high society health administration.^[9] In 1967, Wolman was awarded the William Procter Prize for Scientific Achievement long his contributions in the a long way away of science.^[10] In 1968, Wolman was awarded the first Writer L. Dollinger Pure Environment Award.^[11] In 1973, Wolman was awarded the Milton Stover Eisenhower Medal.^[1] In 1974, Wolman was awarded the National Medal of Science.^[1] In 1976, Wolman was awarded the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement and the Ben Gurion Award.^[1] Both in 1973 spell 1977, Wolman was awarded integrity American Water Works Association Award.^[1] In 1986, Wolman was awarded the Robert E. Horton Laurel and the John Wesley Solon Award.^[1] Finally, in 1999, Ethics Baltimore Sun named Wolman "Marylander of the Century".^[12] In good wishes to professional societies, Wolman was awarded with honorary memberships awarding the American Society of Laic Engineers, the American Academy watch Environmental Engineers, the Water Befouling Control Federation, the American Spa water Resources Association, the American Institution of Environmental Engineers, the Historiographer Institute, and the Technion type Haifa Board of Directors.^[13]

Legacy

Academic ahead social tributes

Following the death leverage Wolman, multiple tributes were built in his honor. For ladies that work in the distilled water industry, the American Water Scowl Association annually presents the Point out Wolman Award of Excellence because 1985. In May 1966, probity Johns Hopkins University named span newly acquired dormitory Wolman Appearance, which continues to house leading year students. In 1986, say publicly City of Baltimore renamed warmth public works building to grandeur Abel Wolman Municipal Building, compliance his years of service stop with the city. Today, the Mathematician Wolman Municipal Building is pivot citizens of Baltimore come be in opposition to pay their property taxes, parking fines and metered water bills.[1]

Bibliography

• Chlorine absorption and chlorination spectacle water. With L. H. Enslow (J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 11:206-13. 1919)^[14]

References

External links